• Gums that bleed when you brush your teeth
• Tenderness, swelling, red color
• Abscess (pus oozing from the gums)
• Foul odor
• Loose teeth

The goal in treating periodontal disease is to control the infection. The types of treatment will vary, depending on the extent of the disease.  It is very important that the patient maintain good daily care at home. 

Periodontal disease is treated several ways.

Deep Cleaning (Scaling and Root Planing)
Removing the plaque through a deep-cleaning method called scaling and root planing.  Scaling is actually scraping off the tartar from above and below the gum line.  Root planing gets rid of rough spots on the root of the tooth where tartar collects.

Medications
Medications may also be used in conjunction with other treatments.  Locally applied chlorhexadine and adhesive minocycline are often used in combination with other procedures. 

Flap Surgery
Surgery is sometimes required if inflammation and deep pockets are present even after treatment by deep cleaning, medications or both.  A periodontist may perform flap surgery to remove tartar deposits or to reduce the periodontal pocket and make it easier to keep the area clean.  This routine surgery involves lifting back the gums, removing the tartar, and remodeling the bone.  The gums are then sutured back in place so that the tissue fits snugly around the tooth again. 

Bone and Tissue Grafts
In addition to flap surgery, your periodontist may suggest bone or tissue grafts.  Grafting is a way to replace or encourage new growth of bone or gum tissue destroyed by periodontitis.